What is a directory?
Windows C:\, D:\, E:\, F:\ are root directories
And in Linux?
File storage structure in Linux system
So what does each directory mean in Linux?
Relative paths and absolute paths in Linux are a concept that must be understood.
Absolute path: First, fly to China, take the airport express train to Sanyuan Bridge from Beijing Capital Airport, then transfer to Line 10 to Panjiayuan Station. After exiting the station, take bus No. 34 to Nongguang. Turn left after getting off the bus.
Relative path: Turn left at the front intersection.
Everything is a file in Linux, so physical devices and hardware are no exception. Since it is a file, it must have a file name. The udev device manager in the system kernel automatically regulates the hardware name. The purpose is to let the user guess the approximate attributes of the device and the partition information through the name of the device file, which is especially convenient for unfamiliar devices. In addition, the udev device manager service will always run as a daemon and listen for signals from the kernel to manage device files in the /dev directory.
Nowadays, ide devices are rare. The common ones are all beginning with /dev/sd. The default is from a.
E.g:
Did you read this picture a little bit more?
I have a little science about the hard disk. The hard disk is composed of a large number of sectors. Each sector has a capacity of 512 bytes. The first sector is the most important because it stores the master boot record and the partition table. information. The master boot record needs to occupy 446 bytes, the partition table occupies 64 bytes, and the terminator occupies 2 bytes. In the partition table, each partition information needs 16 bytes, so that only up to 4 partition information can be written. In the first sector, these 4 partitions are 4 primary partitions. As shown
So in fact, we use more than just four partitions, there may be multiple partitions, then what is going on?
In fact, another extended partition is to create a pointer in the partition information to point to another extended partition. So we generally use three primary partitions and one extended partition, of course, to create pointers to other partitions in our extended partition.
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