From DSL to fiber-optic home access, the rate ranges from tens of K to tens of M or even hundreds of M. Broadband access technology has undergone earth-shaking changes in ten years. GPON has become mainstream, EPON is catching up, and 10G PON and other access technologies that can bring higher bandwidth are ready to go.
With the vigorous development of broadband networks, the battle for technology choices has retired, and how to better apply xPON technology to real networks has become the direction of fiber access technology development and discussion.
Common platform abandons technology dispute
Whether it is GPON or EPON, this is the focus of the most controversy in the industry. People have given different answers from multiple directions such as technology, business, and maturity. But for operators, can they find a solution that suits both the existing network foundation and the future business development, while reducing OPEX-Huawei's SingleFAN solution leads the direction of a common platform.
Wu Haijun, Chief Engineer of Access Network Products, Huawei Network Product Line, said, "The concept of multi-network integration, large capacity, fewer offices, and flattened networks advocated by the SingleFAN solution has been highly recognized by major European operators. Points can greatly reduce construction costs and network maintenance costs. "Wu Haijun said," At the same time, the SingleFAN solution advocates one network with multiple uses and full scenario coverage, with PON network to achieve full service bearing, becoming the preferred solution for integrated operators. "
It is understood that the SingleFAN solution has sufficient future-oriented evolution capabilities. System capacity, software architecture, business development, and other levels have reserved sufficient capabilities to provide from ATM to IP, from copper wire access to fiber optic access , From PSTN to IMS, from IPv4 to IPv6, from xPON to NG PON and other comprehensive smooth evolution to maximize investment protection.
The development direction of the EPON / GPON common platform led by SingleFAN has also been recognized by domestic operators and has become a basic requirement in the bidding.
Solve ODN management problems
In the development of FTTx, the access layer needs to build a huge fiber distribution network, namely ODN network. ODN network construction costs are high, and can account for up to 50% -70% of the total investment, which is the focus of FTTx investment. At the same time, ODN is also the difficulty of FTTx management. First of all, compared with the simple P2P structure of copper wire, ODN mostly adopts P2MP topology, there are many connection nodes in the network, and the network management is complicated. Second, optical fibers are more sensitive than copper wires and are more susceptible to damage.
Therefore, the efficient construction, operation and maintenance of ODN are essential, and a set of intelligent and accurate management solutions are needed to ensure that the ODN network is fully utilized and effectively protect long-term investments. At present, how to scientifically manage the ODN network has become the focus of attention of major operators and standards organizations such as ITU-T.
Can we solve the two core problems of ODN management and realize the automatic management of ODN without changing the passive characteristics of ODN? Huawei has proposed an iODN (intelligent ODN) solution. In the iODN solution, ODN products have added the following smart features: fiber identification management, port status collection, port search instructions, visual tool PDA, etc.
The iODN solution can realize the automatic entry and management of ODN fiber connection information to ensure the accuracy and timely synchronization of the inventory system information. At the same time, through the PDA's visualization software and the intelligent LED indication on the iODN device, it can realize the automatic search and precise operation of the optical fiber, greatly improve the operation and maintenance efficiency, and realize the efficient operation and maintenance of the ODN network. In addition, based on the iODN architecture, a variety of value-added applications can be developed on the basis of the inventory system to realize the automation of the entire process of construction and operation and maintenance.
Introduce MPLS into the access layer
With the advancement of FTTx, on the one hand, the traditional dedicated line service has also faced a dilemma with the withdrawal of ATM switches. A large number of dedicated line services need to be accessed with high quality and quality. If the access is built separately to carry this service, it will bring a huge burden to operators; on the other hand, the traditional DSLAM mode service configuration mainly uses VLAN configuration, which is affected by its VLAN The ID number limit (4K) limits the development and planning of new services; and because new business development usually spans the entire network, resulting in a lot of inter-departmental operations, business development and distribution efficiency are very low. To this end, the industry has proposed the idea of ​​introducing MPLS technology into the access layer.
The value of MPLS in WAN has been confirmed. It simplifies the processing of data packets and improves the efficiency of data packet forwarding. MPLS-based traffic engineering and rapid routing protection technologies improve network QoS. As the structure of the metropolitan area network tends to be flat and the position of the OLT moves upward, MPLS is expanding from the wide area network to the metropolitan area and access network. At present, the metropolitan area network is gradually evolving from the TDM / ATM network architecture to the Ethernet network architecture. The use of MPLS technology in metropolitan area networks and access networks based on Ethernet will become a trend.
At present, operators such as Deutsche Telekom and France Telecom have already required OLT equipment to support this function in the future. At the previous Global MPLS Forum held by Huawei, Huawei demonstrated the solution to support MPLS on the OLT for the first time, and passed the interoperability test of the international authoritative testing agency EANTC simultaneously. Operators such as Accor in Germany have opened this function.
However, some experts also pointed out that the MPLS protocol is more complicated than the traditional Layer 2 access, so it requires equipment manufacturers to have a full understanding of routing protocols. For example, MPLS itself has a large number of protocols. In fact, these protocols need not all be implemented at the access layer, as long as they are selected. From the perspective of equipment, MPLS has greatly improved the performance requirements of access equipment, as well as the management capabilities of equipment. From a cost perspective, the access layer MPLS will increase the cost of equipment. Therefore, its demand is currently mainly concentrated in developed countries that are more concerned about operational efficiency to help reduce OPEX. However, from the perspective of long-term development in the future, the access layer MPLS is a major direction for future product development.
Light copper
With the gradual advancement of the optical transition from copper to copper, DSL access nodes gradually move down, and the market share will decrease year by year. However, Wei Leping, director of the China Telecom Group's Science and Technology Commission, believes that as a way to achieve user access to the last few hundred meters, DSL has at least 10 years of living space. "DSL, as the main method of user home access, will coexist with PON for 10 years."
This 10-year living space will also lead to breakthrough changes in DSL technology. At present, VDSL2 has been continuously optimized, and ultra-high-bandwidth DSL that uses multi-wire pairing technology such as SuperMIMO technology has made major technological breakthroughs and can provide higher bandwidth at shorter distances. Line technology and fiber optic technology coexist better.
At the same time, in the field of mobile services, it provides a cost-effective backhaul solution for 3G / LTE deployment, and technology such as time synchronization, bonding, and crosstalk processing have also been introduced on the copper wire. In January of this year, Huawei announced the launch of the world's first DSL prototype that supports 1588v2 time synchronization. This product can transmit 1588v2 high-precision time synchronization signals over DSL lines. The prototype test accuracy reaches GPS level. This technological breakthrough means that during the deployment of 3G / 4G, operators have a more economical choice of backhaul technology, can use widely deployed copper wire resources, and quickly get rid of GPS deployment restrictions.
People's demand for higher bandwidth has never stopped, so technological innovations continue, and a simpler, smarter and flatter broadband access network has taken shape.
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