Due to the increased risk of potential environmental disasters, personal hazards and property damage, the risk of business interruptions has also increased. In order to keep business operations uninterrupted, through the integration of information, strengthen factory automation and environmental safety monitoring, such as the introduction of the Facility Monitoring Control System (FMCS), centralized monitoring and remote operation for various industrial facilities. The automation of control has become an important trend in factory automation.
The application of factory automation and environmental safety monitoring has been formed, mainly due to the maturity of the Internet of Things technology. The emergence of key Netcom technologies such as various sensors and cloud technologies provides a wide range of monitoring technologies to improve overall industrial safety issues. This has prompted the factory to move towards manufacturing service.
Environmental monitoring avoids hazards and improves production quality
For example, the production process of petrochemical products must be carried out in an environment with high temperature, high pressure, high noise and high concentration of organic volatiles, and the chemicals produced per hour are measured in hundred tons, as long as the control is careless or impossible. Timely control may result in significant loss of on-site operators and raw materials, and the requirements for factory environmental monitoring are naturally high.
If the raw materials needed for the manufacture of the product need to be transported over long distances and also have high risk characteristics, environmental safety monitoring is even more important in order to avoid the risk of the raw materials being transported while avoiding the threats to personnel.
For example, the production of crude oil from the mining surface to the oil company must go through the production wells, metering stations, joint stations, oil production plants and other facilities. Each facility in the past requires a large number of manpower to control and read the meter on site, plus the oil production site. The harsh environment is bound to cause heavy load on the staff. And petrochemical? Raw materials required by chemical manufacturers, including crude oil, ethylene, propylene, butadiene, natural gas, steam, hydrogen, etc., when transported through pipelines, and because of the special nature of these raw materials, they often need to be confirmed and maintained through monitoring systems. Transport through the security of the area.
In the semiconductor industry, due to the current process, it has gradually developed to 20 or even 16 nanometers, and the range of gas particle sizes that can be tolerated will also become smaller, especially after the process enters deep ultraviolet light (DUV), because of the dust ( ParTIcle) has a more significant impact on the improvement of non-performing rate, and related detection technology has become more important. How to measure trace volatile organic gases and acid gases inside the machine becomes an important test point for next-generation processes.
In addition, the monitoring and control required for automated production, including the detection of production processes, real-time parameter collection, production equipment and product monitoring management, raw materials? The material consumption monitoring and the control of the production environment factors, etc., the operator must be able to monitor the temperature, pressure, pH and other parameters of the product production in real time, and collect the relevant parameters, and then feedback to the control production process through the calculation, further optimization The production process and control of product quality can achieve the goal of improving production efficiency and reducing production costs.
Safety monitoring system should be effectively linked
Another monitoring application is based on intrusion security applications. Most of the monitoring systems in most factories are still based on video surveillance and intrusion alarm systems, especially in the mainland and Southeast Asia. There are still quite a few analog monitors, and the image clarity and effects are quite limited. Monitors are generally installed in the financial room, warehouse, factory walls, factory gates, workshops, production lines and so on. Intrusion alarm sensing is mainly based on the financial room, warehouse, wall and other areas, and there are not many cases where the intrusion alarm and video surveillance can be linked.
In addition, pure video surveillance can not be matched with more advanced technology. When it encounters backlighting, strong light source or harsh weather conditions, it may lead to insufficient image quality. Even night vision technology such as infrared rays may cause trees. Factors such as growth occlusion, rain and snow, etc., lead to false positives, and the actual application effect will be greatly reduced.
Because of the differences in factory security requirements in different industries, the security monitoring applications that need to be imported must have different differentiated designs to meet the needs of the actual application environment. For example, the video system of petrochemical and power plants will be required to be dust-proof and explosion-proof and resistant to strong electromagnetic fields; steel mills are required to have high temperature and harsh industrial environment; some special places with weak or strong light, It is necessary to require the camera to work in low illumination or wide dynamic mode.
A relatively complete enterprise factory security and video surveillance system should be able to meet the modern management needs of enterprises, including 24-hour video surveillance for key areas. In addition to physical protection, the perimeter of the factory should also establish an intrusion alarm system. Key entrances and exits must be gated, and electronic patrol systems should be used to achieve both human and technical protection. For vehicles with more vehicles, it is necessary to manage vehicles in and out through parking management systems. More importantly, between systems. It is necessary to integrate well, integrate management through the management platform, and link with each other to form a “security control networkâ€, which can effectively become a powerful backing for factory safety protection.
The importance of Internet of Things technology is increasing
In order to achieve the purpose of environmental monitoring and security protection, IoT technology is an important direction for monitoring applications. Because the Internet of Things technology is based on various access technologies such as wireless communication technology, sensor network technology, and radio frequency identification technology, it can interconnect a large amount of data and electronic devices in the environment to form a large-scale virtual network, which is applied in an industrial environment. Monitoring, do not need to be monitored as in the past? The detector is installed on the pipeline, and then the information is collected to the node control center via the physical line, which can greatly save the cost of erecting the physical circuit, and thus has the advantages in industrial automation, daily life, environmental monitoring, military, medical and other fields. Wide application prospects.
For the environmental monitoring and application requirements of the factory, the design of the IoT system must be divided into two layers: the wireless sensor network acquisition layer and the application layer information integrated management platform. The wireless sensor network acquisition layer needs a collaborative sensing transmission mechanism based on group discussion and security authentication. After the analysis and simulation results, it can effectively improve the accuracy of sensor network monitoring and early warning, reduce disaster false positives, and prevent spy nodes. Invasion and other advantages.
The main function of the application layer information management platform is to complete the storage, analysis and disaster warning tasks for the data collected by the sensor network, and provide the macro environmental monitoring management of the environment monitoring network for the environmental management personnel of the plant.
For example, Founder Group uses the technology of wireless communication and cloud control to overcome the difficulty of collecting normal data by weather and terrain obstacles and reduce the labor cost of management through the use of wireless communication and cloud control technology; Sinopec It utilizes the existing information and system of the pipeline storage and transportation branch, combines the Internet of Things to exchange and share data through the optimization program, analyzes the mobile application, and establishes a crude oil logistics management integration platform to optimize energy conservation and HSE early warning to create a green low carbon. Efficient crude oil logistics.
The combination of the Internet of Things and monitoring equipment can be used to monitor real-time monitoring of various key indicators in the industrial production process. For example, if a company installs wireless sensing equipment at a heavy pollutant discharge port, it can not only monitor the pollution emissions in real time, but also Close the discharge port remotely to prevent sudden environmental pollution accidents; also adjust the relevant control parameters in the production process through the feedback control system to effectively reduce the pollutant emissions, such as Formosa Plastics and the EPD Cooperate to conduct online real-time monitoring of its organic pollutant emissions.
The stability and correctness of wireless signals should be ensured
Although IoT technology provides a lot of help for factory environmental safety monitoring, which makes factory automation more efficient and safer, there are still some problems to be avoided. If you need to avoid digital wireless communication in the flammable gas leakage, the risk of fire caused by the transmission of Mars, or how to overcome the impact of bad weather on wireless signal transmission, especially to ensure the stability and correctness of the signal It is a difficult problem to be overcome in the future.
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