At present, cyberattacks are growing rapidly, threatening and hindering the transformation of various industries into the digital world. As a new interdisciplinary subject developed in the past two decades, quantum communication technology has gradually moved from theory to experiment and to practical development. And its many security attributes are becoming an important means of defending China's high-level security communications.
Traditional encryption can be cracked
After years of development, information technology is facing two serious challenges. First of all, it is the problem of information security bottlenecks. Since all traditional encryption algorithms that rely on computational complexity may be cracked in principle, they have become a major bottleneck in communication technology.
Traditional encryption algorithms may be cracked in principle.
The widely used RSA 512-bit encryption algorithm has been cracked in 1999. RSA 768 was cracked in 2009, RSA 1024 bit? That is to say, with the development of computing power, the original secure encryption algorithm may become unsafe.
Unable to complete 2 80 searches/years
Second, the computing power at this stage is very limited. Because the traditional computing power development model based on Moore's Law is showing serious constraints. Even some scientists have exemplified that even if all the computing power in the world, including people's mobile phones, is added up, the sum of global computing power can't currently complete 2 80- or 90-degree data exhaustive search in one year. .
The computing power at this stage is very limited.
The above bottleneck problem has obviously brought immeasurable threats to the current communication security.
2, quantum communication comes with 4 security auraQuantum is a very small particle, the most basic unit of matter, and the most basic carrier of energy, with an indivisibility. The quantum non-cloning theorem leads to the fact that quantum cannot be accurately copied. It is for this reason that it cannot copy the quantum by measurement, which constitutes a prerequisite for the security of quantum cryptography.
Quantum is indivisible and cannot be copied
And because of the above characteristics of quantum, it can be used for more avant-garde communication encryption. Among the notable security attributes are:
First, quantum key distribution is performed using the indivisibility of quantum. If an eavesdropper taps, the light carrying the quantum key will be taken away, and the recipient will not receive the key, and the eavesdropping behavior will be exposed.
Second, the use of quantum non-cloning features to prevent measurements. Once an attacker wants to take a picture of a quantum key, the term is called measurement and the quantum key changes. Finally, the sender of the key compares with the receiver to know if the key has been seen and cannot be used.
All of the above can effectively prevent eavesdropping attacks. In these ways, keys with certain risks can be lost. If the line is always interfered by Others, the network switching line can be used to send the key to the terminal well to ensure the key security purpose. Let quantum communication be an encryption method that cannot be deciphered.
Third, the quantum key generation rate is much larger than the replacement frequency of the traditional key. With this feature, you can use a simple algorithm to encrypt the data key to achieve data justification, which can improve security and reduce data latency.
Fourth, the security of quantum communication can exceed the current private network. The quantum communication security gateway can make its security surpass the existing private network through key distribution, key management, and data encryption and decryption. When the quantum key is at a long distance, the memory amount is still relatively low, and it can be used as a means of key distribution. It can be combined with the currently very good pair encryption system. The advantage of symmetric encryption is that it is difficult to crack and the encryption efficiency is The disadvantage is that the security of key transmission is difficult to guarantee, the management of multi-user keys is difficult, and the key update rate is slow.
Pan Jianwei, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and executive vice president of the University of Science and Technology of China, once said, "I hope that through 10-15 years of hard work, through a rigorous demonstration, a secure communication network system that can communicate wirelessly with the classic network, strengthen network security and communication security. , data authentication and authentication security. At the same time such a network itself can be used to construct a new high-precision global frequency standard delivery."
Quantum communication is becoming an important means for China to build a future network defense system
Conclusion
Quantum mechanics has spawned new information technology. In the course of nearly a hundred years of development, it has already prepared for solving major problems. Quantum communication now provides a secure means of communication. It can be said that quantum computing is a nuclear weapon in peacetime. Because China attaches importance to it earlier, although all countries are in the stage of running and running, as long as China continues to exert its strength, the development prospects are still promising.
Box Header
Box Header
ATKCONN ELECTRONICS CO., LTD , https://www.atkconn.com