How to test the basic components of automotive circuits

When some basic components of a car circuit are always damaged, then how should we check them? This article lists the test methods of the seven places of the car circuit. Let's take a look!

1. Fuse wire and related circuit inspection method

How to test the basic components of automotive circuits

The fuse itself can be inspected with a visual or multimeter resistance file to measure its conduction. If the fuse is burnt, the resistance is infinite when measured with a multimeter. After the fuse is burned, the cause of the fuse burnout should be found and the line measured. When measuring, use a multimeter or test light to measure whether the power supply of the fuse has a power supply voltage, and measure whether the electrical end is directly grounded. If there is no voltage at the power supply, continue to check the power supply until the power supply position is found. If the electrical end is grounded (the ground resistance is 0), you must find out where the line is grounded and troubleshoot, otherwise it will burn if you replace it with a new one.

How to test the basic components of automotive circuits

Fuse check

2. Relay inspection method

The relay is generally composed of a control coil and one or two pairs of contacts, which are divided into normally open and normally closed. When checking the relay, check the resistance of the relay coil with the resistance of the multimeter to meet the requirements. If the resistance meets the requirements, then apply the working voltage to the relay coil to check the working condition of the contact. If it is a normally open contact, the contact should be closed after power-on, that is, the resistance value is 0; after the constant opening and closing, the contact should be disconnected, that is, the resistance value is infinite.

How to test the basic components of automotive circuits

Inspection of relays 3. Inspection methods of sensor parts

At present, the sensors on the car can be divided into active sensors and passive sensors according to whether they need to work power; according to the type of output signals, they can be divided into output voltage sensors and output frequency sensors.

During the inspection, for the active sensor, check whether the working voltage and signal voltage or frequency are normal. If the resistance and gap of the sensor can be measured, check the resistance and clearance to check if it is within the specified range. For passive sensors, there is no need to check the supply voltage because no power is required, and the rest is the same as the active sensor. There is also a type of switch type sensor, which is checked by checking whether it can complete the switching action according to the work requirements within its working range.

4. Inspection method of solenoid valve components

The detection of solenoid valve parts is mainly to check whether the resistance of the coil meets the requirements with a multimeter. After the power is turned on, the action of the solenoid valve meets the requirements and whether the fixed effect is achieved.

5. Light bulb inspection method

When inspecting, it is generally possible to check the on and off of the filament with a multimeter. If the resistance of the filament is measured to be infinite, the bulb is damaged.

6. Switch inspection method

It can be checked with a multimeter according to the function of the switch and the conduction of each position of the switch.

1 Open circuit detection: use the multimeter resistance file or use the digital multimeter diode file to directly detect the on/off condition.

2 plus voltage detection: use the multimeter DC voltage file, switch the switch to the corresponding position to determine whether there is voltage, if there is voltage, the switch is turned on; if there is no voltage, the switch does not work.

How to test the basic components of automotive circuits

7. Line inspection method

One is to use the multimeter's voltage file, use the multimeter to check the voltage along the line segment in the circuit diagram or test the light with the test light; the other method is to measure the on/off degree of the corresponding wire with the multimeter's resistance file. The iron situation is as shown.

How to test the basic components of automotive circuits

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