An overview: What is a rectifier rectifier is a rectifier or component that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC). A device having a current capacity of 1 amp or less is generally referred to as a rectifier diode, and a device of 1 amp or more is referred to as a rectifier. 
Rectifier rectification device 2, the role of the rectifier Generally, the rectifier has two functions: first, the alternating current (AC) is converted into direct current (DC), and then filtered to obtain a stable direct current supply load, such as: charging the battery Voltage, or for inverter use; second, detection. The effect of rectification is sometimes not necessarily used to generate DC. The early ore radio used a thin metal wire called "cat whisker" on the galena crystal to form a point contact rectifier called an ore detector or crystal detector for the purpose of detection.
Third, the principle of the rectifier is currently the most common silicon rectifier, the following is a silicon rectifier as an example to introduce its rectification principle. Before that, we first understand what is a P-type semiconductor, what is an N-type semiconductor; P-type semiconductor (P refers to positive, positively charged): a small amount of special process is used in pure silicon (or germanium) The trivalent element composition will form positively charged holes inside the semiconductor; 
N-type semiconductors (N refers to negative, negatively charged): In a pure silicon (or germanium), a small amount of pentavalent element is incorporated by a special process, and a negatively charged free electron is formed inside the semiconductor. 
The P-type semiconductor and the N-type semiconductor are fabricated on the same silicon semiconductor substrate by diffusion, and a space charge region is called a PN junction at their interface. The PN junction has unidirectional conductivity. 
Original address: http:// Reprint, please indicate the source applied voltage on the PN junction, that is, P is connected to the positive voltage, N is connected to the negative voltage, the current is from the P junction While flowing to the N junction, both holes and electrons move toward the interface, narrowing the space charge region, allowing the current to pass smoothly, and the current to conduct. If the N junction is connected to the positive pole of the voltage and the P junction is connected to the negative pole, the holes and electrons move in a direction away from the interface, so that the space charge region is widened, the current cannot flow, and the current is cut off. This is the unidirectional conductivity of the PN junction. With this feature, the forward voltage can be turned on and the reverse voltage can be turned off, thereby achieving rectification of the alternating current. 
Fourth, rectifier rectification method
1. Half-wave rectification During the operation of a half-wave rectifier, one of the positive or negative half cycles of the AC waveform is eliminated, and only half of the input waveform forms an output, which is quite inefficient for power conversion. Half-wave rectification uses one diode for single-phase rectification and three diodes for three-phase rectification. As shown below: 
working principle:
(1) When the transformer secondary winding voltage u2 is positive half cycle, the diode is turned on, then the voltage u0 on the load, the tube voltage drop uD of the diode, the current iO flowing through the load, and the current iD of the diode are: 
(2) At the negative half cycle, the diode is turned off. then: 
The calculated output DC voltage of DC voltage and DC current is: 
, where: U2 is the effective value of the secondary output voltage of the transformer. The output DC current is: 
Note: The current flowing through the diode is the output current.
2. Full wave rectification
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