ZF-Tianco external airbags provide protection when the vehicle is hit by a waist
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In the sci-fi movie Superman, there is such an impressive scene: when the car that Stallone drives into the building, the body sprays foam to form a strong protective layer. For car airbag manufacturers, the reality is of course not as imaginative as it is, but the future development of car airbags is indeed moving from inside the car to the outside.
At present, some manufacturers have begun to develop a new generation of airbags, which can provide buffer protection for vehicles in collision from the outside. Some of these technologies may eventually be considered as not practical, but they may still have a certain impact on the passive safety of the car, so that this seemingly mature field sees a completely new path in the dark.
The airbag will protect the vehicle from the outside
In fact, the external airbags have been put into practical use and the first phase of the actual situation has been tested in the European market. Only such external airbags are mainly used to protect pedestrians. For example, the Volvo V40 is equipped with an external airbag designed by Autoliv and placed in the lower part of the engine compartment. If the vehicle hits a pedestrian, the airbag will immediately unfold and wrap the A-pillar and the windshield wiper to form a cushion between the vehicle and the personnel. At the same time, the rear of the engine compartment cover will be lifted, further reducing the consequences of collisions between people and vehicles.
The external airbag of the Volvo V40 is mainly to protect pedestrians.
Today, auto parts suppliers are no longer satisfied with the use of external airbags to protect pedestrians, but are more ambitious attempts to use them in the vehicle itself. In January 2016, ZF-Tianhe demonstrated an external side airbag that provides protection when the vehicle is hit by another car (so-called T-boned). Three years ago, ZF-Tianhe joined a research team and began research and development of outer airbags. Today, progress has been made and prototypes have been launched.
The ZF-Tianhe external airbag is mounted on the rear frame rail of the door. The airbag body can be up to 200 liters after being inflated, which is about twice the size of the ordinary lateral curtain airbag. For this purpose, the research team adopted two Inflator. Due to the large volume, the time required for inflation is also longer, and the external airbag needs to be opened immediately before the safety accident occurs.
According to Steve Peterson, head of the global system for safety engineers at ZF-Tianhe, after a series of crash tests, the researchers concluded that the external airbag can reduce the lateral impact impact by 30. %about.
Peterson told the media: "The results of the study are very eye-catching. I think that external airbags will be of great use, especially for small cars that are not too far from the ground."
Multiple obstacles still exist on the road to the practical use of external airbags. If the airbag is placed outside, it must withstand the erosion of rain, snow, dust and antifreeze salts. From the working principle, the external airbag must be deployed before the collision, and the control system needs a foolproof software system to avoid false alarms.
According to the information provided by Peterson, the number of companies currently involved in the development of external airbags is numerous and the technology is constantly improving. For example, Tianhe is actively collaborating with the vehicle manufacturer to observe the effect of the airbag on the whole vehicle. "We have carried out a lot of research work with the car manufacturer to confirm whether it is necessary to set up such a large external airbag." . Among the R&D groups that develop prototypes of external airbags, there is Volkswagen's Seagate.
Passive security is still promising
In addition, the R&D group is still building other security devices that may be more practical. For example, there is a small explosive device that can push the seat away from the door in a side impact accident while the side airbags will deploy to fill the space between the seat and the door.
Another concept is an inflatable expanded steel beam reinforced structure with a hollow steel plate attached to the rear of the door, which expands into a 3-inch wide tubular reinforced door panel upon impact. A few years ago, Autoliv used similar techniques to develop A-pillars that could be stowed and unfolded, as well as front frame railings.
There is currently a voice claiming that airbags may no longer be necessary as automakers develop autonomous vehicles. However, from the perspective of Nissan, Daimler and other "automobile-drivers", such an era will have to wait at least another decade or more.
Lightweight and miniaturized cars have also increased the need for passive safety, especially for cars. Many new cars are getting smaller and smaller, and they are getting lighter and lighter. They are more vulnerable to side impacts caused by pickups and full-size SUVs, even if they are lightweight. The car body is strengthened, and the lower inertia increases the risk of rollover. At this time, if the external airbag absorbs a certain amount of energy, supplemented by other passive safety devices, the accident can still be minimized.
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