The Internet of Things will open the prelude to low-power large connections

Guide:

One of the foundations of the realization of "Internet of Everything" is the transmission of data. Different IoT services have different requirements for data transmission capability and real-time performance. According to different transmission rates, IoT services can be distinguished by high, medium and low speed. .

OFweek Internet of Things News On June 16, 2016, the 72nd meeting of the 3GPP RAN Plenary was successfully concluded in Busan, South Korea. NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) is an important topic of 3GPPR13. The corresponding 3GPP protocol related content has been approved by the RAN Plenary, and the core protocol of the NB-IoT standard is officially announced to be frozen. The successful completion of the standardization work also marks the upcoming commercial phase of NB-IoT.

NB-IoT: rushing to the low-rate IoT market

In recent years, the proportion of Internet of Things technology in industrial applications has increased year by year. Take Vodafone as an example. Although the business ratio is still small, less than 1% of total revenue, it has grown rapidly. Vodafone's IoT business revenue has grown rapidly from Â£125 million in 2011 to Â£372 million in 2015. The growth rate is amazing. According to market research firm Gartner, 6.4 billion IoT devices will be used globally in 2016, and 5.5 million devices will be connected every day. In 2016, the market size related to consumer IoT hardware and applications should reach 5460. Billions of dollars, while the corporate Internet of Things spending will be as high as $860.8 billion.

High-rate services: mainly use 3G and 4G technologies, such as vehicle-mounted IoT devices and surveillance cameras, and the corresponding business features require real-time data transmission;

Medium-rate services: mainly use GPRS technology, such as lockers in residential quarters or supermarkets, which are used frequently but not in real-time. The requirements for network transmission speed are far less than high-speed services;

Low-rate services: The industry has classified the low-rate service market into the LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) market, that is, the low-power WAN has no corresponding cellular technology, and in most cases, it is barely supported by GPRS technology, which brings costs. High, affecting the low popularity of low-rate services.

The low-rate service (LPWAN) in the Internet of Things is the soil of NB-IoT origin. The emergence of NB-IoT has a great impact on the LPWAN field, which makes the solution have the communication layer technology foundation, which effectively saves costs and promotes the field. Accelerated penetration of networking technologies.

In recent years, in response to the demand for the Internet of Things, operators have provided M2M services to various industries. Previously, most of these M2M services used GPRS, but many of them also had low data rate requirements. When LPWAN technology began to be commercialized, GPRS was exposed in terms of cost, power consumption, coverage, etc. Many application scenarios were more suitable for LPWAN.

According to China Mobile's data, the number of M2M access terminals has exceeded 60 million by the end of 2015, and by the end of 2016 this figure may exceed 100 million, which is a huge terminal group. As the 2G network exits the network, the strategy of the migration of narrowband terminals to the NB-IoT network in this stock group will also be put on the agenda.

NB-IoT has significant advantages, solving the communication layer problem of "long tail" intelligent terminal

NB-IoT has many obvious advantages in IoT applications:

Coverage is wider: In the same frequency band, NB-IoT has a gain of 20dB over the existing network and a coverage area of â€‹â€‹100 times, which is obviously superior to traditional cellular network technology and short-distance transmission technologies such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi;

Supports massive connections: One sector of NB-IoT can support up to 100,000 connections. Based on the current existing 5 million base stations in the world, if all NB-IOTs are deployed, and each base station has 3 sectors, the number of terminals that can be accessed will be as high as 450 billion;

Low power consumption: NB-IoT consumes only 1/10 of 2G, and terminal module standby time can be as long as 10 years;

Support for big data: The data collected by the NB-IoT smart sensor terminal can be directly uploaded to the cloud, which is obvious compared to Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.

From the perspective of the terminal, IoT devices exhibit obvious diversified features. IoT devices include both high-frequency implementation video surveillance and IF POS machines, as well as a large number of IoT devices with very low frequency usage. However, it does not match the huge demand for low-rate services. Currently, there is no corresponding cellular technology. In most cases, the GPRS technology is barely supported, which brings about the problem of high cost and low penetration of low-rate services. Huge "long tail" market space.

The emergence of NB-IoT and the gradual commercialization of the future have made up for the shortcomings of the IoT communication layer and created a low-cost unified communication layer for a large number of "long tail" IoT devices. As in the mobile Internet, people create rich applications on smartphones and tablets in response to various forms of "long tail" demand, and the Internet of Things based on NB-IoT will give birth to a richer than mobile Internet." Long tail" application.

Guide:

Due to the limitations of the application background, NB-IoT technology is generally not applied to high-power IoT terminals such as 4K TVs, smart phones, and car entertainment; it is also not used in high-real-time terminals such as ADAS and virtual reality. NB-IoT will be used in low-energy, low-information, and massively quantized sensor networks, including:

1. Smart home business represented by smart meter reading business of water and electricity;

2. Smart city business represented by postbox, garbage bin, street lamp, sewer, and parking space management;

3. Intelligent tracking business represented by express, pet, animal husbandry, and elderly children tracking;

4. Smart medical services represented by wearable health devices;

5. Small-scale, long-term data collection cases or periodic control applications in other industrial sectors.

After NB-IoT commercialization, it can not only solve the problems of meter reading, data transmission, etc., but also stimulate the massive network of low-frequency equipment, such as fire extinguishers in buildings, various monitors used in scientific research, and the frequency of such equipment in life. Very low, but the total number of collections is considerable. Therefore, when NB-IoT is deployed, the types of terminals that can realize network access will be greatly enriched, and a variety of types and small-scale terminal devices will be connected to the network in large quantities, which will lead to the formation of the Internet of Things industry more than the mobile Internet. And a longer "tail" morphological feature.

NB-IoT uses licensed spectrum, leading to competitive technologies such as LoRa

As an important standardization organization in the communications industry, 3GPP has also laid out long-distance, low-rate, low-power, multi-terminal transmission technologies and terminal standardization in 2016. 3GPP divides terminals into different categories for different services, among which IoT terminals have categories such as Cat-1, Cat-0, Cat-M1, and Cat-NB1. Cat-1 positioning performance is weaker than that of 3G transmission terminal equipment, achieving a downlink rate of 10 Mbps. Its performance is still relatively high compared to the later NB-IoT protocol terminals, and it occupies more resources. It is expected to become a supplementary solution for various IoT protocols in the future. In Rel-12, 3GPP has proposed a new protocol for Cat-0 terminals, which further reduces the information transfer rate and reduces the complexity of chip design. Recently, 3GPP proposed LTE-M, EC-GSM and NB-IoT technologies based on LTE evolution, GSM evolution and Clean Slate solutions, and supported it in LTE Rel-13 version.

Like NB-IoT, Ingenu, LoRa and Sigfox are communication technologies for low-rate, low-power wireless IoT applications. However, Ingenu, LoRa, and Sigfox use unlicensed spectrum in their work, which causes nodes that communicate using these technologies to be susceptible to interference and instability. Therefore, competitor technology cannot achieve carrier-class WAN deployment and operation, and is more suitable for the establishment of the enterprise's own local area network.

Overall, NB-IoT comprehensively surpasses other technologies in terms of coverage, energy efficiency, security, standards, QoS, network accessibility, ecosystem and application range, making it the most suitable for long distance, low speed, low power consumption. , multi-terminal IoT business communication technology.

The NB-IoT standard is quickly established, and the contribution of Chinese enterprises is outstanding.

The NB-IoT technology protocol was approved by the 3GPP Radio Access Network (RAN) Technical Specification Group meeting on June 16. It took less than eight months from the establishment of the project to the freezing of the agreement, making it one of the fastest established 3GPP standards in history. After the performance standard is finalized in September and the conformance test is completed in December, NB-IoT can enter the commercial phase. High efficiency reflects the urgency of the technology and the efforts of various companies.

The development of NB-IoT is a combination of NB Clot technology jointly proposed by Huawei, Vodafone and Qualcomm and NB LTE technology proposed by Ericsson. China's Huawei and Zhongxing Company have contributed more in the whole process, which promoted the development of technology and led the industrial progress.

Guide:

During the standard development process of NB-IoT, 3GPP participating companies contributed a large number of proposals. From the initial stage of GERAN's SI stage, the companies submitted a total of 3,205 proposals and finally passed 447, of which Huawei contributed the proposal. 1008 items and 184 items were approved, accounting for 41% of the total number of proposals, ranking first among the participating companies, thus becoming the main promoter of the NB-IoT standard. Huawei's outstanding contribution to the various stages of NB-IoT standard development has laid the industrial status of Chinese enterprises in the NB-IoT field on the one hand, and greatly stimulated the industrial development of the Internet of Things in China.

As one of the technology promoters, ZTE has core competitiveness in NB-IoT technology. The company has started a joint demonstration with China Mobile to adopt a virtual core network based on NFV function. The wireless network utilizes mature commercial 4G base station equipment to realize the basic functions, business processes and several key features of NB-IoT. The demonstration is carried out on mature commercial base stations and virtualized core networks, which means that ZTE has the ability to help operators quickly complete NB-IoT commercial deployment.

According to news reports, ZTE is currently preparing base stations of various frequency bands such as 850M, 900M and 1800MHz according to the requirements of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. Before and after October of this year, ZTE will have a demonstration of field-based services based on standard NB-IoT, and there will be large-scale field experiments by the end of the year. .

In November 2015, Huawei and the mainstream telecom operators, equipment manufacturers, chip manufacturers and related international organizations officially announced the establishment of the GSMA NB-IoT Forum Industry Alliance at the NB-IoT Forum preparatory meeting held during the MBB Forum in Hong Kong. The industry alliance has gathered 21 operators, 3 mainstream equipment manufacturers, and 7 chip module manufacturers to accelerate the development of the narrow-band IoT ecosystem. Seven of the carrier members immediately announced that they will cooperate with Huawei in depth. Six NB-IoT laboratories have been established worldwide.

As a technology promoter, the technology company represented by Huawei has carried out the practice of Internet of Things solutions based on NB-IoT technology with many operators around the world. The Global Mobile Operators Alliance recently expects that by the end of 2017, there will be 20 NB-IoT carrier networks coming online; 24 operators have decided to support NB-IoT network operations.

The Internet of Things will open the prelude to low-power large connections

Huawei NB-IoT solution and various practical applications

Guide:

With the prominent leadership role of Huawei in the NB-IoT field, the technical upgrades of domestic telecom operators will also begin rapidly. The three major operators have clearly included the deployment of NB-IoT in their network planning and strategic direction. Recently, they rely on narrow-band Internet to realize the massive connection of equipment. In the medium term, the optical fiber technology reduces the delay, and the long-term 5G technology solves the future high-current consumption. Application problems form a three-dimensional network. The narrowband Internet is the most suitable way to develop the Internet of Things.

In the third quarter of 2016, China's three major telecom operators, Mobile, Telecom and China Unicom, are expected to upgrade base stations to support the NB-IoT standard. According to public information, by the end of 2016, China Mobile will pilot NB-IoT commercialization in six cities and China Unicom in six cities.

Chip maker card NB-IoT new opportunity to share the feast of the Internet of Things market

The chip is the core device of the Internet of Things and is at the core of all types of applications in the Internet of Things. IoT chips mainly include: MCU, FPGA, Memory, Sensor, and connection chip. With the commercialization of NB-IoT, the Internet of Things is expected to grow rapidly, and the IoT chip market will be completely opened. According to analysts Markets and Markets, the global IoT chip market will grow at a rate of 11.5% in 2016-2022, and the 2022 global IoT chip market will exceed $10 billion.

Major mainstream chip manufacturers have also launched NB-IoT layout plans: Huawei has launched prototype chips and verified in the field, and will enter commercial use in the second half of 2016; Qualcomm has planned the chip MDM9206, which is expected to be put into commercial use in the first half of 2017; Intel announced support for NB-IoT, MTK also said it will follow the 3GPP standard, and have planned the corresponding chip products. As the commercialization process of NB-IoT continues to approach, it will effectively promote the development of the Internet of Things industry chain. A number of Chinese chip makers such as Datang Telecom, Neusoft Carrier, and Beijing Junzheng will emerge in the development of the Internet of Things industry chain.

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