Recently, the National Energy Administration website published the "Renewable Energy Power Quota and Assessment Method (Draft for Comment)" (hereinafter referred to as the draft for comments), the author participated in the research work of this method. The author believes that the establishment of renewable energy power quota system, the purpose is to establish a comprehensive indicator statistical assessment system, guide local science to develop renewable energy development and utilization goals and energy development planning, implementation, clear local government, power grid enterprises and power generation enterprises to promote Renewable energy consumption, implementation of national non-fossil energy development goals, and on this basis to establish a corresponding monitoring and evaluation system, in order to achieve more effective government after-the-fact supervision, and then promote the energy system towards green and low carbon Transformation.
As of February 2018, the installed capacity of hydropower generation above the national scale reached 298.87 million kilowatts, the installed capacity of wind power grid-connected grid reached 67.725 million kilowatts, the installed capacity of solar power grid-connected grid reached 138.79 million kilowatts, and the installed capacity of biomass power grid-connected power reached 15.65 million. In kilowatts, the total installed capacity of renewable energy power generation in the country reached 62.56 million kilowatts, accounting for 36.4% of the total installed capacity of power plants above designated size. In 2017, the national renewable energy power generation exceeded 1.6 trillion kWh, accounting for 25.6% of the national power generation capacity.
In the past 10 years, with the joint promotion of various supporting policies, China's renewable energy industry has significantly enhanced its strength, technological progress has been obvious, equipment manufacturing and industrial service systems have been continuously improved, and it has entered a new stage of comprehensive, rapid and large-scale development. At the same time, the bottleneck of the further development of renewable energy in China has changed from the constraints of technical equipment and development and construction capacity in the past to the constraints of market and system, which is highlighted by the current grid access and market elimination of hydropower, wind power and solar power generation. It is difficult. It is difficult to solve these problems by conventional policy means, and major institutional innovations must be carried out. The formulation of renewable energy power quota system has adapted to the requirements of institutional innovation.
The essence of the renewable energy power quota system is to set a quantitative index of renewable energy power for the whole society's power consumption. The provincial energy management department formulates and adopts effective implementation plans and supporting policies and measures in accordance with national laws, regulations, plans and policies. Power grid enterprises complete the quota organization and implementation tasks of power consumption in accordance with laws, regulations and policies. This provides institutional guarantees for renewable energy development in the following areas:
Identify the legal requirements for the priority development of renewable energy. Proposed measurable indicators of renewable energy in power consumption across the country and at the provincial level, promoting national energy development strategies, national and local energy planning, energy production layout, energy transmission and operation, and terminal energy consumption It must be coordinated and coordinated on the premise of completing the renewable energy power quota.
Ensure that national and local energy-related policies must meet the needs of achieving renewable energy development goals. The renewable energy quota system clearly demonstrates the strategic goal of national renewable energy development, and proposes binding requirements for renewable energy power utilization in various provincial regions, prompting the state to formulate clear-cut and coordinated renewable energy-related policies and remove obstacles. Policy and institutional barriers to the development of renewable energy, local energy management departments must ensure the priority development and utilization of renewable energy in the implementation of policies and management.
Promote energy and other energy systems to adapt to the large-scale development and utilization of renewable energy. The implementation of the renewable energy power quota indicators in the service area is mainly responsible for various types of power grid enterprises, which encourages grid enterprises to optimize and adjust the power system configuration and operation mode according to the binding requirements for receiving renewable energy power. In the management of the production and operation of the power system, the unreasonable practices that hinder the effective use of renewable energy are completely eradicated. It has promoted the development of smart grids, energy storage technologies, demand-side smart power, and distributed power generation applications.
The power quota system is “landedâ€, and the overall framework design should be linked to the actual situation.The establishment and implementation of renewable energy power quota system in China is actually a set of policy system on renewable energy development based on the Renewable Energy Law. It not only includes provisions on the quota obligations of power market obligors in various power grid enterprises, but also includes The selection of qualified technologies, the determination of the subject of the obligation, the formulation of quota indicators, the certification system, the establishment of the assessment and supervision mechanism, and the corresponding systems.
The quota obligation assumes the determination of the subject. Most of the countries that implement the quota system in the world are power supply companies. At present, China's electricity sales market has not yet been fully liberalized. Power grid enterprises have a large share in the electricity sales market. From the perspective of management, the organization is also relatively clear. At present, the draft of the consultation draft specifies the provincial power companies, local power grid enterprises, other types of distribution power companies (incremental distribution network enterprises with social capital investment), self-supplied power plants, direct purchase users participating in power market transactions, etc. Market entities bear the obligation of renewable energy power quotas.
Determination of quota indicators. The quota indicator is a binding indicator, and there are two kinds of absolute quantity and relative quantity. The absolute quantity generally chooses the installed capacity or power generation, while the relative quantity can choose the percentage of the installed capacity of renewable energy as a percentage of the total installed capacity. It can also choose the percentage of renewable energy (on-grid) to the total power (on-grid). Said. Considering the double uncertainty of China's economic and energy development in the future, in order to ensure the realization of non-fossil energy development goals, the actual implementation of the policy is based on the relative amount, and the subject of the quota obligation should include a certain proportion in its total electricity consumption. Renewable energy power.
The allocation of quota indicators. Renewable energy power quota targets must be implemented to all types of obligations, and China's national conditions determine that there must be an appropriate level to bear the intermediate goal between the national target and the actual large number of quota obligations. Due to the different endowments of renewable energy resources in China, the future economic development model of each province, the development speed, the energy consumption and the consumption of electricity, the development models of renewable energy in different provinces will also be different. Therefore, the renewable energy power generation is decomposed from the state to the provinces. The target should also be treated differently according to the comprehensive consideration of “dissipation capacity, development potential, grid layoutâ€. Different indicator allocation schemes should be adopted for provinces with different development types.
Quota certificate system. In order to effectively measure and calculate the utilization level of renewable energy power, and provide market-based means to balance the difference in renewable energy generation and utilization capacity between regions, and promote the consumption of renewable energy, the draft of the draft has introduced a renewable energy power certificate system. The Renewable Energy Power Certificate is a carrier for recording the production, consumption and trading of renewable energy. The quota obligation entity submits the full certificate as the sole evidence for completing the renewable energy quota indicator. At present, the main function of the certificate is to use it as a measurement voucher for renewable energy. The purpose of the transaction is to expand the scale of renewable energy consumption in the country as a means of marketization. The transfer and transaction of renewable energy power certificates does not affect renewable energy power generation enterprises. The corresponding power continues to enjoy the national renewable energy tariff additional funds subsidies.
The method of supervision, evaluation and assessment of quota obligations. The competent department of energy under the State Council shall be responsible for supervising, appraising and assessing the completion of the quota indicators of the administrative areas and quotas of each province at the provincial level, and publishing the assessment results to the public. For provincial administrative regions that do not meet the quota indicator, the energy administrative department of the State Council will take corresponding assessment measures from the approval of new fossil energy projects, new construction indicators for renewable energy projects, energy demonstration projects, and title awards. Enterprises that refuse to fulfill their renewable energy quota obligations and violate the relevant provisions on the implementation of renewable energy quotas will be included in the bad credit records of the electricity market in accordance with relevant regulations.
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