Acoustic knowledge, small understanding, small room, audio and video room decoration

The decoration of the listening room involves architectural acoustics. It is difficult to find systematic information about this aspect. The design of the concert hall and the muffler room is generally referred to. The general listening room is mainly sound-absorbing, supplemented by diffusion, or purely sound-absorbing. Don't think that the acoustic treatment of the concert hall is perfect. In fact, the sound of the concert hall is very unclear, and the sound image localization is not clear. Because as a concert hall, in order to enable people in different seats to hear the sound, a large amount of diffusion has to be used to increase the sound pressure, causing reverberation, and the delay is too long, thus affecting the clarity of the sound.

Don't be afraid of a lot of sound absorption. In fact, the more you breathe, the clearer the sound. If too much sound is heard, the sound will dry out and the sound will be cold. This is because the transient distortion of the audio equipment is too large, the resolution rate is too low, and the music details cannot be reproduced. Suppose you are in a quiet outdoor open space, this is almost no diffusion, but completely absorbed. At that time, will you hear the sound of the piano and the sound of the flute? It is actually very natural and harmonious. However, in a sound-absorbing listening room, most audio equipment may be exposed to such imperfections or even inability to listen. Welcome to China Home Theater Network!

Let me introduce you to the main concepts of the small room listening room decoration:

1. Frequency response, the general concert hall design requirements are 125Hz-4KHz, and the high-demand listening room decoration requirements are 63Hz-8KHz.

2. Reverberation, a sound pronounced to -60dB of time (S), diffusion and absorption are a pair of contradictions, diffusion enhances reverberation, that is, reduces clarity, absorption is reduced reverberation, sound is lighter, but clearer.

3. Delay refers to the time (mS) of the sounded back to the sound, which is generally less than 25mS.

The reverberation of the Symphony Hall is generally 2.0 (2.2-2.4 for the old concert hall and 1.6-2.0 for the new concert hall), the bass is increased by 10%, and the opera is generally 1.8, mainly for listening to the lyrics.

With the improvement of the design level, the reverberation of the newly built concert hall is generally shorter than the old one, the north is shorter than the south, and the reverberation of the natural recording studio is about 1.3, which is much clearer than the sound of the concert hall. The reverberation of a small room decoration cannot technically reach 0.6 or more, because insufficient sound absorption will cause a serious imbalance of frequency response.

Why is the proliferation of small rooms useless, but it creates imbalance? The sound is weird. Generally, a house with a home size of less than 100 cubic meters cannot reach the balance of the bass by diffusion. To diffuse the low frequency requires at least a quarter of the wavelength, that is, 50 Hz standing wave. A diffuser plate with a tooth length of 1.7 meters is required and cannot be renovated at home. If you want to make a big difference, you need one-half of the wavelength, so you can't handle it. Therefore, the low frequency can only solve the flatness of the frequency response by sound absorption. Generally, the house of 100 cubic meters reaches positive and negative 2dB, then the reverberation is generally lower than 0.55. According to the characteristics of the concert hall, the high frequency reverberation cannot be higher than the low frequency. . If the high frequency is excessively diffused, the reverberation will increase, causing the high frequency reverberation to be greater than the low frequency reverberation, which is just the opposite of the reverberation of the low frequency of the Symphony Hall than the high frequency reverberation.

The basic idea of ​​the design of the enthusiast-level listening room is to reproduce the recording. The recording has already had the reverberation of the recording studio, the concert hall, and the opera house.

The effect of the sound field on the effect of restoring sound is great. The same speaker is placed in a different room, the effect is different, just like the same band playing in different concert halls, the effect is not the same. In other words, a certain speaker is the best under certain conditions. In other cases, it may be bad.

The sound we hear is not only direct, but also the reflection of the walls of the room. The effect of the reflected sound on the sense of hearing is very large. We all had this experience. Two people talked while walking, and walked into the room through the corridor from the yard. You will feel the voice of this person changed. The reason for this is because the reflections in the yard, the corridor and the room are different. In addition to the direct sound from the recorded instruments, we also recorded the reflections of the theater. However, due to the large theater, the reflection sound came later.

When playing in a small room, the first reflection you hear is not the reflection of the theater recorded in the source of the program, but the sound of the room on which the sound is reproduced. The sound of the room you hear is mixed into the program. It’s in the air. In order to actually hear the situation in the program, the reflected sound of the room must be substantially eliminated below the auditory masking threshold. To do this, it is necessary to set the sound absorbing surface in a practical way. The acoustic treatment of the room is individual. There is no uniform mode. The basic method is to change the reflective surface into a sound-absorbing surface. For example, glass is a sound-reflecting surface, but as long as it is replaced by perforated glass, it becomes a sound-absorbing surface.

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weight
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